foundations什么意思？
foundations英 [fɑʊn'deɪʃəns] 美 [fɑʊn'deɪʃəns] n.基础; 地基; 地基( foundation的名词复数 ); 基金（会）; 建立网络创新; 基金会; 基础课The workmen have dug away the foundations. 工人们挖好了地基。soils and foundations难度高吗
不高。SoilsandFoundations是日本岩土领域的旗舰期刊。编委会从上到下分为主编一人，副主编3人，若干执行编委，然后是编委。分享相关内容的知识扩展阅读：
英语专四听力dictation提高篇
part 1
Education in China today has been developing rapidly./ In many provinces, it is compulsory and free. /Most children start school at the age of six. /They attend 5 years of elementary school /and 6 years of high school. /
After graduation from high school, /a student can start his higher education in a two-year college, a four-year college, a university, or a specialized professional school. / Most colleges admit students on the basis of their entrance examination records. /The cost of a college education is not very high. /And the greater part of it is met by their families, / though students can get support from their college. / Many students receive scholarships from the school, / the government, or private foundations and organizations. /
Though great progress has been made in China in the field of education, /there is still a comparatively large part of the population in the country who cannot read and write.
part 2
Dreams
Dreams are a product of the sleeper's mind. They include events and feelings that he has experienced. Most dreams are related to events of the day before the dream and the strong wishes of the dreamer. Many minor incidents of the hours before sleep appear in dreams. Few events more than two days old turn up. Deep wishes or fears, especially those held since childhood, often appear in dreams, and many dreams fulfill such wishes. Events in the sleeper's surroundings, a loud noise, for example, may become part of a dream, but they do not cause dreams.
Some dreams involve deep feelings that a person may not realize he has. Psychiatrists often use material from a patient's dreams to help the person understand himself better. Dreaming may help maintain good learning ability, memory, and emotional adjustment.
part 3
Emotions
According to psychologists, an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as either bad or good. When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him, we call this emotion fear. If the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it, we call the emotion anger. The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us. An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world. It can be created by a person's thoughts.
Everyone has emotions, but many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions. They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write. A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations because of an emotion.
part 4
Re-employment of Laid-off Workers
The issue of re-employment has emerged with large numbers of surplus labourers having been laid off. There is no doubt that it would lead to endless trouble if the surplus were not reorganized properly. In order to maintain social stability and to secure people's normal living standards, it is essential to work out solutions to the problem.
Solving the problem is a two-way operation as far as the government and workers are concerned. On the one hand, the government at all levels should try every possible means to create a wide range of employment options open to laid-off workers; on the other hand, these workers ought not to sit idle and wait for opportunities to come. So long as they don't lose heart and constantly strive to better themselves, their futures will be bright.
培根：论父母与子女 | Of Parents & Children
（文章内容：英文原文+中文译文+单词释义）
The joys of parents are secret, and so are their griefs and fears: they cannot utter the one, nor they will not utter the other. Children sweeten labours, but they make misfortunes more bitter: they increase the cares of life, but thy mitigate the remembrance of death.
父母的快乐是隐秘的，父母的忧伤和恐惧也是隐秘的。他们无法脱口而出他们的喜悦，也不肯说出内心的忧愁。子女使辛劳变得甜蜜，但子女也让不幸变得更为苦涩；他们增加了父母为生计的烦扰，但也淡化了父母对死亡的记忆。
The perpetuity by generation is common to beasts; but memory, merit, and noble works are proper to men: and surely a man shall see the noblest works and foundations have proceeded from childless men, which have sought to express the images of their minds, where those of their bodies have failed: so the care of posterity is most in them that have no posterity.
繁衍生息，代代相传——这是人类与动物共通的一点。然而，记忆、美德和高尚的事业，是人类特有的。人们肯定会发现，更高尚的基业是没有子女的人建树的。他们生前一直致力于将自己的精神形象发扬光大，而他们的肉体形象没有能够表现；所以，没有子嗣的人倒成了最关心后代的人。
They that are the first raisers of their houses are most indulgent towards their children; beholding them as the continuance not only of their kind but of their work; and so both children and creatures.
那些家业的开创者对自己的子女看成家族血脉的延续，也看成自己事业的继续；因此他们的子女也被看做他们的作品和心血。
The difference in affection of parents towards their several children is many times unequal, and sometimes unworthy,especially in the mothers; as Salomon saith, A wise son rejoiceth the father, but an ungracious son shames the mother. A man shall see, where there is a house full of children, one or two of the eldest respected, and the youngest made wantons; but in the midst some that are as it were forgotten, who many times nevertheless prove the best.
父母往往会对某几个孩子存在偏爱，而这种偏爱有时候是不好的，特别是母亲的偏爱更甚，就像所罗门说的：“一个聪明的儿子使父亲感到高兴，一个不光彩的儿子则使母亲蒙羞。”在子孙满堂的家庭里，人们会看到，有一两个最年长的受到尊敬，而年纪最小的成了纨绔子弟，而中间的几个，虽然常常被遗忘，然而往往被证明是更优秀的。
The illiberality of parents in allowance towards their children is an harmful error; makes them base; acquaints them with shifts; makes them surfeit more when they come to plenty: and therefore the proof is best, when men keep their authority towards their children, but not their purse.
父母在给子女零花钱上过于吝啬，这是十分有害的做法，会使子女变得卑贱，让他们学会投机取巧、玩弄心计，使他们容易和卑贱之流为伍。而若是给他们过量的钱财，他们就会变得挥霍无度。因此，父母更好的做法就是在子女之中树立威信，而不是掌握他们的财政大权。
Men have a foolish manner(both parents and schoolmasters and servants)in creating and breeding an emulation between brothers during childhood, which many times sorteth to discord when they are men, and disturbeth families.
人们有一种愚蠢的行为（父母、老师与仆人都一样），就是在童年时期在兄弟之间营造竞争气氛。这往往会导致他们成年后兄弟反目，让他们的家庭也不得安宁。
The Italians make little difference between children and nephews or near kinsfolks; but so they be of the lump,they care not though they pass not through their own body. And, to say truth, in nature it it much a like matter; insomuch that we see a nephew sometimes resembleth an uncle or a kin *** an more than his own parent; as the blood happens.
意大利人几乎不分自己的子女或侄儿侄女，以及其他近亲，只要他们是同族，就算他们并非自己所生，他们也不在意，仍然一视同仁，把他们看成同胞兄弟或同胞姐妹。说实话，由于血缘的关系，他们在天性上如此相似，以至我们看见侄子像他的伯父，或者像其他的亲人，胜过像他自己的父亲。
Let parents choose betimes the vocations and courses they mean their children should take; for then they are most flexible; and let them not too much apply themselves to the disposition of their children, as thinking they will take best to that which they have most mind to. It is true, that if the affection or aptness of the children be extraordinary, then it it good not to cross it; but generally the precept is good, optimum elige, suave et facile illud faciet consuetudo. Younger brothers are commonly fortunate, but seldom or never where the elder are disinherited.
父母可以及时选择他们认为子女应该从事的职业与学业，因为在幼年时期他们的可塑性最强，然而父母切勿过于试图安排子女的未来，以为自己现在最愿意的就是他们将来努力去做的。当然，若是子女对某方面表现出特殊的爱好或是超群的天赋，那么更好不要阻止，然而一般说来，这句话可谓金科玉律：“选择更好的，培养成习惯，习惯成自然。”子女中，年幼的弟弟往往是幸运儿，但如果长兄被剥夺了继承权，那弟弟很少或是根本不可能拥有幸福的一生了。
~Francis Bacon
——[ 英 ] 弗兰西斯·培根
（节选自《培根散文集）
(私信小豌豆：微信、 *** 同号 1132813006)
请问：在的添加描述中，had been almost submerged是虚拟语气形式吗？
We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house,which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged.would have stood 是虚拟语气形式
We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house,which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged.
我们认为他们(受灾群体)一定是受到了持续上涨洪水的过度惊吓。至于他们有完好基础的房屋，即使被完全浸没，也依然会屹立不倒。
would have stood+if had been submerged 是虚拟语气，是对已经发生的水灾的虚拟假设。
